Thermodynamics

elective courses

The formalism of the description and methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of many-body systems, principles of thermodynamics, elements of statistical physics, introduction to phase transitions physics. Lectures are supplemented by demonstrations, laboratories, and exercises. The exercises are supported by the use of computer calculating tools.

Definitions of basic concepts; Zero law of Thermodynamics, temperature, work, internal energy; The first law of Thermodynamics, the second law of Thermodynamics, entropy; The Carnot cycle, efficiency, work available, irreversible systems; The properties of entropy, statistical interpretation of entropy; The combination of first and second law of Thermodynamics, the third law of Thermodynamics; Thermodynamic functions, thermodynamic Maxwell equations; The kinetic theory of gases, thermionic emission; Maxwell Distribution; Kinetic theory of the radiation, Rayleigh-Jeans formula, Wien law; Planck's quantum hypothesis, Stefan radiation law, radiation pressure; Kinetic theory of heat, specific heat according to Einstein model, specific heat by Debye; The spontaneous process under the constant pressure and at a constant temperature, the Gibbs free energy, and chemical potential; Phase transitions in pure substances, classification of phase transitions, the condition of phases equilibrium;

Profile: Academic

Form: Stationary

Subject: Obligatory

Module: Fundamentals of Physics

Branch of science and Discipline of science: Physical Science, Classical Physics

Year/Semester: 2 year/3 semester/ first degree study

Didactic units: lecture 30 hrs, tutorials/exercises 30 hrs, laboratory 30 hrs

Didactic methods: Lecture in the form of a multimedia presentation are supported by seminars where students have to solve problems, discuss, consult, and do homework; laboratory: performing 10 experiments related to lecture subject, data analysis, and written report prepared at home.

ECTS credits: 8

The balance of student workload: participation in lectures (30 hrs), tutorials/exercises (30 hrs), laboratory (30 hrs), participation and the consultations (3hrs), and the total student workload in order to achieve learning outcomes (211,5 hrs).

Quantitative indicators: student workload associated with activities that require direct participation of teachers (181 hrs).

Students participate in the lectures, i.e. they actively participate in the discussion of problems and issues that arise in the material of the lecture and next in solving examples. During the course of accounting, students receive a list of tasks for an independent solution, the content of which is correlated with the content of the lecture. During the course, students present their solutions. Practical methods - execution experiments on Thermodynamics. Students analyze problems in the field of basic physics, find their solutions, analyze and formulate conclusions; used the theory of measurement uncertainty to analyze experimental data. Teachers pay special attention to the understanding of the concepts used, clarity of presentation, stimulates the group to ask questions and discussion. Teachers try to create inside the practicing group a sense of responsibility for the team and encourage teamwork.

The themes of the lectures:

1. Definitions of basic concepts: system, phase, component, reversible and irreversible processes

2. Zero law of Thermodynamics, temperature, work, internal energy

3. The first law of Thermodynamics, the second law of Thermodynamics, entropy

4. Carnot cycle, efficiency, work available, irreversible systems

5. The properties of entropy, statistical interpretation of entropy

6. The combination of the first and second law of Thermodynamics, the third law of Thermodynamics

7. The thermodynamic functions, thermodynamic Maxwell equations

8. The kinetic theory of gases, thermionic emission

9. Maxwell Distribution

10. Kinetic theory of the radiation, Rayleigh-Jeans formula, Wien law

11. Planck's quantum hypothesis, Stefan radiation law, radiation pressure

12. Kinetic theory of heat, specific heat according to Einstein model, specific heat by Debye

13. The spontaneous process under the constant pressure and at a constant temperature

14. Gibbs free energy and chemical potential

15. Phase transitions in pure substances, classification of phase transitions, the condition of phases equilibrium

Mandatory bibliography:

E. Fermi, Thermodynamics, printed and manufactured in the USA 2019.

P. Jacobs, Thermodynamics, ed. Imperial College Press, 2013.

J.F. Lee and F.W. Sears, Thermodynamics – An introductory Text for Engineering Students, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, INC, H.W. Emmons and B. Budiansky eds., Tokyo, 1962.

Textbooks available on the Internet (free of charge).

Student:

1. has knowledge of basic concepts, phenomena, and formalism of thermodynamics, laws of thermodynamics as well as theoretical models of chosen thermodynamic systems (K_W12);

2. can analyze problems regarding thermodynamics, find and present their solutions on basis of acquired knowledge and using known tools of mathematics run quantitative analysis and draw qualitative conclusions (K_U10);

3. can critically and with understanding use literature and information technology resources with the reference to foundations of physics (K_U17);

4. can analyze chosen problems regarding selected applications of physics on basis of the knowledge of physics and related disciplines in the range covered by the curriculum of a chosen majors (K_U30);

5. knows the limitations of their knowledge and understands the need for further learning, raising professional, personal, and social skills (K_K01);

6. can independently find information in literature and internet resources, also in foreign languages(K_K05).

Thermodynamics end with an oral exam after completing the tutorials and laboratories.

The credit for the exercises is based on the assessment that takes into account: activity and ability to solve tasks, understanding of the presented problems, and ability to use tables and literature.

To gets an assessment of the laboratory necessary is: to execute all of labs, to prepare reports, and answer to questions connected to an executed lab.